To avoid offending Victorian sensibilities the Beagle's artist depicted the Tierra del Fuegians wearing considerably more clothing than was customary. Charles Darwin was taken aback at the crude savagery of the natives, in stark contrast to the civilised behaviour of the three Fuegians they were returning as missionaries (from the first voyage). He described his first meeting with the native Fuegians as being "without exception the most curious and interesting spectacle I ever beheld: I could not have believed how wide was the difference between savage and civilised man: it is greater than between a wild and domesticated animal, inasmuch as in man there is a greater power of improvement." Four decades later, in The Descent of Man, he would use his impressions from this period as evidence that man had evolved civilization from a more primitive state.

Illustration of Charles Darwin showing an ape how alike the pair of them are. Darwin (1809-1882) suggested that natural variation in a species creates a wide range of individual characteristics some of which are more useful than others. The competition to survive in nature provides adriving force for evolution in the form of natural selection, a mechanism which weeds out those individuals possessing traits less suitable to the enviroment. The implications of his theory to man's own origins fueled a bitter controversy with the church. Image taken from an unnamed artist in The London Sketch Book, 1874.

Charles Robert Darwin (1809-1882) was an English naturalist. He established that all species of life have descended over time from common ancestry, and proposed the scientific theory that this branching pattern of evolution resulted from a process that he called natural selection. His seminal works: On the Origin of Species (1859) his theory with compelling evidence for evolution. The Descent of Man (1871) he examined human evolution and sexual selection and The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872) one of the most enduring contributions from 19th century psychology. Portrait taken in 1881 by Elliott & Fry on the veranda of the Down House a year before his death.

Excerpt from Charles Darwin's autobiography, 'I have been told that I was much slower in learning than my younger sister Catherine and I believe that I was in many ways a naughty boy. By the time I went to this day-school my taste for natural history, and more especially for collecting, was well developed. I tried to make out the names of plants, and collected all sorts of things, shells, seals, franks, coins, and minerals. The passion for collecting which leads a man to be a systematic naturalist, a virtuoso, or a miser, was very strong in me, and was clearly innate, as none of my sisters or brother ever had this taste." Potrait down by Ellen Sharples (1769 -1849) an English painter who specialized in portraits in pastel and in watercolor miniatures on ivory. Courtesy of Lady and Georgep. Darwin

Captioned, 1872 cartoon, Richard Owen is mounted on a favorite hobbyhorse, the fossilized bones of a Megatherium. Sir Richard Owen, (1804 -1892) was an English biologist, comparative anatomist and palaeontologist. Owen is best remembered today for coining the word "dinosauria" and for his outspoken opposition to Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection. He agreed with Darwin that evolution occurred, but thought it was more complex than outlined in Darwin's Origin. Owen's was the driving force behind the establishment, in 1881, of the British Museum (Natural History) in London.

Charles Darwin's ideas challenged conventional notions and were inevitably lampooned by the cartoonists of the day. On March 22nd, 1871, a satirical magazine 'The Hornet' portrayed Darwin as a 'Venerable Orang-Outang', subtitling the cartoon a 'Contribution to Unnatural History'. Charles Robert Darwin (1809-1882) was an English naturalist. He established that all species of life have descended over time from common ancestry, and proposed the scientific theory that this branching pattern of evolution resulted from a process that he called natural selection. His seminal works: On the Origin of Species (1859) his theory with compelling evidence for evolution. The Descent of Man (1871) he examined human evolution and sexual selection and The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872) one of the most enduring contributions from 19th century psychology.

Caption reads, "One of Darwin's strongest arguments for evolution was a comparison of features that are similar in all vertedrate mammals. These forefeet, or hands, in rows, from left to right are those of man, gorilla, oragutan; dog, seal, porpoise; bat, mole and duck-billed platypus, as illustrated in an 1876 treastise by Ernst Haeckel". (*1876, most ptobably a reprint of his popular work, The History of Creation). Ernst Heinrich Philipp August Haeckel (1834-1919) was an eminent German biologist, naturalist, philosopher, physician, professor and artist who discovered, described and named thousands of new species, mapped a genealogical tree relating all life forms, and coined many terms in biology, including anthropogeny, ecology, phylum, phylogeny, and the kingdom Protista. Haeckel promoted and popularized Charles Darwin's work in Germany.

Caption reads, " An 1865 Punch cartoon, presenting a pig evolving by stages into a living ham with only snout and tail remaining, shows how quickly Darwin's 1859 theory of evolution had gained a general circulation."

In 1871 Ernst Haeckel, in response to Darwin's 'The Descent of Man', elaborated on the theory and drew this family tree. His enthusiasm led him to improperly include the platypus and kangaroo as ancestors of man. But in charting the emergence of the human species from a unicellular organism to amphibian (1-15) stages to those of primitive mammal, monkey and ape man (22-24), he was essentially correct.

The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals by Charles Darwin was published in 1872. Darwin's book is among the most enduring contributions from 19th century psychology. It deals almost entirely with emotional display, but assumes a great deal about the nature of what is being displayed. Although premised on an unsupportable interpretation of the nature of "expression," it is this idea that permeates the majority of work on emotional experience within psychology. The Expression of the Emotions is an important landmark in the history of book illustration. The top illustration is captioned, 'Half-bred Shepherd dog approaching another dog with hostile imtentions." The bottom illustration is captioned. 'The same caressing his master." Both were drawn by A. May.

The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals by Charles Darwin was published in 1872. Darwin's book is among the most enduring contributions from 19th century psychology. It deals almost entirely with emotional display, but assumes a great deal about the nature of what is being displayed. Although premised on an unsupportable interpretation of the nature of "expression," it is this idea that permeates the majority of work on emotional experience within psychology. The Expression of the Emotions is an important landmark in the history of book illustration. Captioned: Figure 18, Chimpanzee disappointed and sulky, drawn by Thomas William Wood.

The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals by Charles Darwin was published in 1872. Darwin's book is among the most enduring contributions from 19th century psychology. It deals almost entirely with emotional display, but assumes a great deal about the nature of what is being displayed. Although premised on an unsupportable interpretation of the nature of "expression," it is this idea that permeates the majority of work on emotional experience within psychology. The Expression of the Emotions is an important landmark in the history of book illustration. Captioned: Figure 17, Crested black macaque pleased by being caressed, drawn by Joseph Wolf.

Fossilized shells drawn from Darwin's "Geological Observations on Volcanic Islands" which describes the geological observations made of South America and its surrounding volcanic islands during his voyage on the H.M.S. Beagle. FULL TITLE: Geological observations on the volcanic islands visited during the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle, together with some brief notices of the geology of Australia and the Cape of Good Hope. Being the second part of the geology of the voyage of the Beagle, under the command of Capt. Fitzroy, R.N. during the years 1832 to 1836

PHOTO: MUZEUM LITERATURY/EAST NEWS Karol Darwin, ryt. Aleksander Regulski, drzeworyt opublikowany w Tygodniku Ilustrowanym, Warszawa 1871. CHARLES DARWIN - ENGLISH NATURALIST. HE ESTABLISHED THAT ALL SPECIES OF LIFE HAVE DESCENDED OVER TIME FROM COMMON ANCESTRY. HE PROPOSED THE SCIENTIFIC THEORY THAT THIS BRANCHING PATTERN OF EVOLUTION RESULTED FROM A PROCESS THAT HE CALLED NATURAL SELECTION Karol Darwin (1809-1882) - angielski przyrodnik, tworca teorii ewolucji, zgodnie z ktora wszystkie gatunki pochodza od wczesniejszych form, autor publikacji, w ktorych przedstawil argumenty na poparcie swej tezy.

Charles Darwin (1809-1882), British naturalist. Darwin studied medicine and theology, but was most interested in natural history. In 1831 he joined the HMS Beagle on its five-year voyage around the world. The data he collected helped him formulate the evolutionary theories discussed in On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, published in 1859. In this book Darwin proposed that natural variation within a species creates many individual traits, some more useful than others. He proposed that only those individuals with the most competitive traits (those best suited to their environment) survive to reproduce.

Charles Robert Darwin. Darwin (1809 - 1882), British naturalist, argued the theory of natural selection in his book "Origin of Species" (1859). While he was not the first to suggest the idea of evolution, he was the first to prove it with proper scientific study and argument.

Charles Darwin (1809-1882), English naturalist and author of the Origin of Species. He suggested that natural variation in a species creates a wide range of individual characteristics some of which are more useful than others. The competition to survive in nature provides adriving force for evolution in the form of natural selection, a mechanism which weeds out those individuals possessing traits less suitable to the enviroment. The implications of his theory to man's own origins fuelled a bitter controversy with the church. Stipple engraving by C.H. Jeens from a photograph by O.G. Rejlander, about 1874.

Portrait of British scientist Charles Robert Darwin, founder of the theory for the evolution of life. Born February 12, 1809 and died April 19, 1882. Photo was made shortly before his death. (AP Photo/Str)

Statue von Charles Darwin hinter dem Schloss Friedrichsfelde. 04.05.2006 at the Tierpark Berlin fot Scherf/face to face/REPORTER

Charles Darwin, as he appeared in 1875, hardly seemed a revolutionary figure, Nov. 12, 1959. Yet Darwin's