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Illustration of the "Leviathan of Parsonstown," a 72-inch reflecting telescope built in the 1840s by William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse, on his estate in Parsonstown, Ireland. The telescope mirror was made from speculum metal, which tarnished so quickly that it had to be repolished every six months.
An astronomical sextant belonging to Tycho Brahe (1546-1601), the Danish astronomer, astrologer and alchemist. After becoming interested in astronomy as a student in Copenhagen, Tycho Brahe realized the difficulty of making accurate measurements of celestial bodies with the instruments of the day. His designs for new methods and devices won him great fame. He was granted an estate on the island of Hven to conduct his research, and funding to built the Uraniborg observatory. From there he generated the most accurate astronomical data of his time. He was exiled to Prague in 1597 and was assisted in his work there by Johannes Kepler until his death. Due to a duelling injury at university, he always wore a metal nose prosthetic.
An eighteenth century illustration of a celestial sphere, or rather a representation of the hemisphere of the heavens that can be seen from the northern half of Earth. The moveable horizon can be adjusted to represent the horizon of any observer, whether at the equator or the north pole, but it always cuts the ecliptic at 0 degrees Aries and 0 degrees Libra.
In 1575, when the Ottoman empire was at its height, the astronomer Taqi ad-Din founded an observatory at Galata (now part of Istanbul, Turkey). This painting of the time shows the astronomers with their equipment, which includes a globe, a sand glass for timing, items for drawing, and all kinds of sighting devices.