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Three illustrations showing the crumpling and wearing of the earth over geologic time. At top can be seen the great crumples and folds in the early crust of the earth, with molten igneous rock forced into them, and in one place bursting through. The middle illustration shows the folds many years later when rain, rivers, frost and wind have greatly worn them down. The bottom image shows folds in modern times still more worn down, showing valleys, hills, sea and soil.
Major ocean currents. False color map of the world, showing the major ocean currents. These are seen as red patches. At top left is the Kiro Shio current off the coast of Japan. At lower left is the west Australian current. At top center, off the coast of North America, is the Gulf Stream; its Southern Hemisphere counterpart, the Brazil current, is at bottom center. Extending below Africa's Cape of Good Hope at bottom right is the Agulhas current. This image was compiled from radar altimetry data gathered by the US Navy Geosat satellite in 1987-1988.